There's nothing wrong with calling it a "proposition". Ballot issues (in AmE) can be called "propositions". However, the sentence seems to be speaking of only one of them, so I would suggest consistent use of the singular "proposition".
As for "become", the book is correct—but this is not the conjugated third-person-plural "become", it is the subjunctive "become".
- (important that) {whoever} become
The only other thing that is syntactically odd is the placement of "both". One needs to be aware of reasons for voting for, or against, the proposition, but most localities won't let you VOTE "both for and against" it, no matter how good your reasons!
- ...the reasons, both for voting for the proposition and for voting against {it/the proposition}.