The distinction is whether the members of the family are acting in unison (singular) or as individuals (plural), not whether they all live at the same addresslocation. As a result, the following is correct, since all your family members are acting in unison to enforce a curfew:
My family does not give me permission to be outside after 10pm.
Remember that you can usually avoid this problem by rewriting your sentence:
My family members do not give me permission to be outside after 10pm.