Your whatever-clause lacks a verb and is therefore ungrammatical:
Whatever money in the world, I wouldn't eat it. NO
Either of these would work:
I wouldn't eat it, whatever you offered to pay me.
No matter what you offered to pay me, I wouldn't eat it.
With "no matter" you can also say:
I wouldn't eat it, no matter what!
That is a kind of ellipsis where the missing verb phrase expresses the idea "no matter what [the condition or circumstances happened to be]" or "no matter what [was happening]". It is a variety of BE ellipsis. No matter what [BE].
.... no matter what [the condition | circumstances happened to be]
no matter what! is synonymous with under any circumstances.
You could also say:
I wouldn't eat it for all the money in the world.