while editing a a manuscript, I came across the following sentence.

However, Li–S batteries also show several serious defects, including poor conductivity, the large volume expansion (about 80%) of sulfur as cathode, and the shuttle effect of intermediate products (lithium polysulfides) during charge/discharge processes.

In the above sentence, do we need to add article before "cathode" as it is a countable singular noun, or shall we leave it as such, because the emphasis is on "large volume expansion"?

While editing a manuscript, I came across the following sentence.

However, Li–S batteries also show several serious defects, including poor conductivity, the large volume expansion (about 80%) of sulfur as cathode, and the shuttle effect of intermediate products (lithium polysulfides) during charge/discharge processes.

In the above sentence, do we need to add an article before "cathode", as it is a countable singular noun, or shall we leave it as such, because the emphasis is on "large volume expansion"?

while editing a a manuscript, I came across the following sentence.

However, Li–S batteries also show several serious defects, including poor conductivity, the large volume expansion (about 80%) of sulfur as cathode, and the shuttle effect of intermediate products (lithium polysulfides) during charge/discharge processes.

In the above sentence, do we need to add article before "cathode" as it is a countable singular noun, or shall we leave it as such, because the emphasis is on "large volume expansion"?

while editing a a manuscript, I came across the following sentence.

However, Li–S batteries also show several serious defects, including poor conductivity, the large volume expansion (about 80%) of sulfur as cathode, and the shuttle effect of intermediate products (lithium polysulfides) during charge/discharge processes.

In the above sentence, do we need to add article before "cathode" as it is a countable singular noun, or shall we leave it as such, because the emphasis is on "large volume expansion"?