No, I wouldn't definitely like to be a truck driver.
In this construction, not is taken to modify definitely and definitely is taken to modify only the complement, like to be a truck driver; you're saying that you would like to be a truck driver, but not definitely: only tentatively or conditionally.
What you probably mean is
No, I definitely wouldn't like to be a truck driver, or
No, I would definitely not like to be a truck driver.
—that is, it is quite certain that you would not like to be a truck driver.
As a response to the question "Would you like to be a truck driver?",
No, definitely not a truck driver
would be understood to have the second meaning, not the first: you don't want to be a truck driver.