What is the difference between these two sentences?
This is a book that I brought from the library.
This is a book I brought from the library.
Do both work? If so why do they both work?
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This topic is addressed in the Wikipedia article complementizer. Yes, they both work. Typically, "that" is understood and can be omitted. – Chemomechanics Nov 5 '17 at 2:57
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There's no difference between the two sentences; they convey the same meaning.
The word "that" is a relative pronoun in the relative clause "that I brought from the library". You can omit the relative pronoun when it's the object of the clause.
I think the sentence without "that" sounds more common and idiomatic.
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I agree except that "that" is not a relative pronoun - it's a subordinator. In both the OP's example, the relative pronoun is missing but represented by the 'gap' notation ___ : "This is a book (that) I brought ____ from the library". – BillJ Nov 5 '17 at 19:57
