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A professor is lecturing about sociology. Well... there are 3 criteria according to the professor in order to make the social research "objective", which is, standardization, reliability, validity. When he further elaborates about the standardization, he is developing like below

Let's take a look at standardization. If you were to ask a group of professionals working, say, in healthcare, to keep an account of a day at work, their accounts would probably differ because people are usually subjective about what is important and what is not. In order to avoid this type of bias...

In this case, googling does not help. Kindly take a look at the definition from a dictionary.

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I think the definition "calculate" fits enough. However, what confuses me is the speech he give me after that.

because people are usually subjective about what is important and what is not.

If the professor did not say the above, I completely understand what "to keep an account" means, because I guess it would mean To calculate the hours of work at a day of professionals in healthcare.

But his latter risen part, confuses me, since I can not relate the 2 contexts.

How would you think when these 2 contexts could be in harmony? (Please be reminded : no more context is available.)

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You have misinterpreted the sense of account that's being used:

7 : a description of facts, conditions, or events : report, narrative · the newspaper account of the fire · By all accounts they're well-off. ; also : performance · a straightforward account of the sonata

Asking them to keep an account of a day at work doesn't mean to calculate anything. It means to write down or recount what they did.

The fact that people's memories are subjective is related to, for example, witnesses to a crime giving different accounts of the events that transpired.

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