The difference between "having seen"," having to see", and "having seeing", in the sentences down below ?
Following is an excerpt from ' A Study in Scarlet'.
1- "from a drop of water,"said the writer,"a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic or a Niagara without having seen or heard of one or the other .
2- "from a drop of water,"said the writer,"a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic or a Niagara without having to see or having to hear of one or the other .
3- "from a drop of water,"said the writer,"a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic or a Niagara without having seeing or hearing of one or the other.
Could you also,please explain-with examples-why the rest are incorrect.