All three prepositions can be used after raise awareness but not necessarily in the same context.
Which you choose depends partly on preference and partly on what you want to say. Of and about are generally interchangeable (although in most cases I would opt for of).
Illustrative examples are:
We need to raise (the public's) awareness of the fire danger this summer.
We need to raise (the public's) awareness about the need to take fire precautions.
For can be used as a preposition or a conjunction meaning because.
We need to raise awareness for there is much at stake.
We need to raise awareness for the sake of the nation's future.