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There are different expressions for pain in the body: "My head hurts", "I've got a splitting headache", "My head aches", "I've got a sore throat"...
In the dictionaries I could not find any rule when to use which (except of the slight meaning specialization for the word "ache" being violated by the exception "headache").
Is there any rule (of thumb) when to use which expression? Are all these expressions interchangeable? "I've got a sore head"?
Different forms of discomfort.
Hurt is the usual sharp pain as from injury.
Ache is a dull pain, usually internal. With migraine, your head aches, but if you bump your head on a door frame, it hurts.
Soreness is either an ache that appears 'when moving' - e.g. muscle ache after intense exercise, or a several days old bruise or an itchy form, like 'sore throat' - not yet hurting but with 'scratching' feeling.
There's throbbing pain, e.g. during intense migraine, where the intensity changes with your heartbeat, each pulse of blood sending extra pain wave.
There are pangs (of pain) - intense waves. Birth pain is definitely this form.
There's burning - not just from getting burned; strong reflux causes burning, so does very spicy food.
Something smarts when the pain is pretty strong but short-timed. A fresh minor bruise, a paper cut on your finger, kicking a table leg with your toe, that all smarts.
There's chafing - pain from repeated rubbing; result of badly fit shoes, some kind of belt or strap rubbing against your skin, possibly causing inflammation. It makes the place tender or sore.
And the very extreme, agony - a completely crippling, excruciating, overwhelmingly intense pain.
If you remember any more, just add and I'll try to add.
