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I often come across sentences like this: The children came running into the room.
I know that the following sentences mean the same thing, but I wonder which of the following the original one is grammatically equivalent to.
The children came, running into the room.
The children came into the room, running.
To 'come running' can (sort of) be considered a shortening of two actions:
The children came into the room.
The children were running.
You can shorten these two states to:
The children came running into the room.
Both of the statements you wrote there mean roughly the same as 'to come running', though the second one is more natural to say.
