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Do ‘red’ and ‘redness’ mean the same thing? That is, color red is quality redness?

Red: red color

Redness: the quality or state of being red

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"Red" is most often used as an attribute:

A red apple. Her face was red. A big red light.

You could not replace the adjective "red" with "redness" in these examples.

As a noun it is the name of a colour.

Crimson is a dark red.

And it is used to mean "a red thing" in a variety of contexts:

Would you like the red [wine]? There are reds [communists] everywhere. He potted a red [ball in snooker]

"redness" isn't the name of a colour. You can use it to describe how red something is:

The redness of the room is shocking!

or often to talk about medical inflammation

Redness of the skin can indicate an infection.

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  • Then, ‘dark red’ is correct and ‘dark redness’ is wrong because ‘redness’ is something is red, not red itself.
    – user135277
    Commented May 2, 2021 at 20:38
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    Dark red is correct. Dark redness would be rare (if the redness in the inflammation was also dark for example)
    – James K
    Commented May 2, 2021 at 20:45

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