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Example sentence:

Before the kids were driven to the mall, they had some sandwiches in a convenience store.

Now if we reduce the adverbial clause of the sentence, which one will be the correct construction between 1 and 2, if not both of them?

1) Before driven to the mall, the kids had some sandwiches in a convenience store.

2) Before being driven to the mall, the kids had some sandwiches in a convenience store.

My next question is, how to determine whether we should use the 'being' before a past participle in any sentence similar to the given example above?

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2 is right; 1 is wrong. You use a present participle not a past participle after "before". "driven" is past tense; "being driven" is present passive participle.

Similarly "Before driving to the mall, the adults had some sandwiches in a convenience store." is right because again you have the present participle "driving".

Note that there are many other constructions with "before", which have different grammar.

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