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I have a lot of problems with the use of "would", I don't know where it should be used, but I know that it has so many indications.
Can someone explain me why this sentence is structured like this?
Because of you I knew this, otherwise, I would have no idea.
Lexico lists seven different ways of using 'would'. One of them is a conditional mood, which describes the outcome of an imagined event or situation. They give this example of conditional mood:
He would lose his job if he were identified.
Your example is also conditional, because you're imagining that you wouldn't know whatever it is you know if it wasn't for this person. You could restructure your example like this:
I would have no idea if you hadn't told me.
