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The different development paths/ways/trends of indigenous culture in the drainage basins of the Red River, Ma River, Ca River and others converged and formed the Dong Son culture.
I feel like path is more suitable but it might be confusing with another term which is "developmental path" in psychology
In that context paths seems most natural. It would also be possible to use trends. In other contexts paths and trends are not interchangeable but here either would do. I would not use ways here although pathways would be just as good as the other two. I do not think there is any realistic chance of any of them being confused with the term from psychology which you quote.
