Both are correct English utterances in terms of their syntax.
So there's not really a difference in meaning but they'd be used in different circumstances.
There are a lot of existing questions on adverb placement which will
cover this in much more detail. But arguably those both feature
traditional "whole sentence adverbs* that emphasis the truth of the
assertion as a whole.
So in short.
They have different meanings. The first means "It is true that life is short", the second "Life is very short" whether they correctly convey any particular meaning depends on which meaning(s) one intends.