The sentence #2 is correct.
The word "be" is used both as an auxiliary and a main verb. When used as the main verb, it's a stative verb. Like most of the stative verbs, we don't use it in a progressive form. Hence, the sentence #3 is grammatically incorrect.
As for the sentence #1, we don't use the present simple when we refer to time with something happening or existing continuosly from the past to the protest. We use the present perfect continuous tense for action verbs and the present perfect tense for stative verbs, a few examples of stative verbs are given below:
I have known him for 10 years, not I know him for the last 10 years.
He has been my favorite actor for 10 years, not he is my favorite actor for the last 10 years.