Your indicated keys, plus the three above and to the right of your indicated keys and the shifted version of the top row all generate "punctuation" characters. Keyboard keys are generally referred to by the default character they represent (rather than any shifted alternatives).
The ones you've specifically marked are...
; is the Semi-Colon Key
' is the Quote Key
, is the Comma Key
. is the Period Key
/ is generally called Slash, but the proper name is "front slash" to differentiate it from backslash \. This is particularly relevant when dealing with computers. In many cases, they are not interchangeable - URLs to web pages use front slash, while path names in Windows use backslash.
The first one on your list is one of the oddball exceptions1, because it's not commonly used in English. People with more exposure to languages where tilde is used will call it tilde, while people with more exposure to languages that use the grave accent will call it that (or just accent). Then again... many people don't know what to call it at all, so "the one in the corner with the curvy thing" and "squiggle" are disappointingly common.
It all changes if you somehow end up with a keyboard other than an en-US QWERTY one. In Windows computers set up for non-English languages (plus Macs set for just about any language and some Linux configurations, too), many of the individual keys can generate even more characters than are shown by pressing a key in conjunction with Alt and AltGr (AltGr isn't present on most en-US keyboards).
1Get used to oddball exceptions; English is full of them.