*By* indicates when vaguely something happens. For a future date it means *before*: >The company vowed to ban all plastic containers **by** 2022. >Renewables can reduce CO2 emissions by 70% **by** 2050 It's a little weird to use if for a past date but I guess it work to. It would mean *at some time before 2013*. ____________ I'm not 100% sure about this, but it could also mean *around the year 2013*. After all, *by* is used in that sense for for spacial indications (the first definition is [*near or next to*](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/by#Preposition)), so it could also apply for time indications. >He liked to sit **by** the tree. It makes sense in your example.