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Next, the bricks are dried in an oven for 24-48 hours, before baking them in a kiln, first at moderate temperature of 200-980C followed by extremely high temperature of 870-1300C.They are further cooled for 48-72 hours in the cooling chamber, and are later packed and loaded in trucks, thus, preparing them for delivery to different places.

Does "further" in the context above mean later or afterwards? Could this word mean later or afterwards at all, regard a context?

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    I think this is not an idiomatic use of the word further, given the fact that this is the first cooling—unless there was a cooling earlier in the context which has not been included here—since "further cooled" implies additional cooling, not, "furthermore, they are cooled" or "further along in the process, they are cooled".
    – TimR
    Commented May 21, 2017 at 15:27
  • @Tᴚoɯɐuo You've caught the good point here which was the reason of my questioning - unless there was any cooling beforehand - using the "further cooled for.." in the sentence looks irrelevant if the writer wanted to refer to the "additional cooling" by that word, but then you've also ended up with the same construal - additional cooling... In order to have the bricks cooled down additionally, wouldn't you need to chill it atleast a bit earlier ?
    – Cavid Hummatov
    Commented May 22, 2017 at 9:17
  • You could say, Further, they are cooled... Or more awkwardly "They are, further, cooled..." A simple then would have sufficed. "They are then cooled..."
    – TimR
    Commented May 22, 2017 at 10:19
  • @Tᴚoɯɐuo do you think that the usage presented in the passage is poorly formed regarding the cohesiveness with the context or something different meaning needs to be construed of the usage?
    – Cavid Hummatov
    Commented May 22, 2017 at 10:51
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    There are a couple of things in the passage which strike me as not quite idiomatic, although they are marginally grammatical; they are the kinds of slips that native speakers sometimes make when writing. For example "bricks are dried ... before baking them..." instead of "before being baked". And further when it could be simple then. And "loaded in trucks, thus, preparing them" is wooden; "thus" is overkill; it could be simply "loaded onto trucks, to be delivered..."
    – TimR
    Commented May 22, 2017 at 12:04

1 Answer 1

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Because of the context, we know that the "cooling" occurs after the "baking".

However in

They are further cooled for 48-72 hours in the cooling chamber

"further" describes the cooling process meaning additional cooling and the additional time is implied through the context (things take time to cool down)

whereas

They are cooled for a further 48-72 hours in the cooling chamber

describes the additional time of 48-72 hours.

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  • Hi peter, so you mean that in order to avoid ambiguity the second choice seems more convenient? right?
    – Cavid Hummatov
    Commented May 22, 2017 at 10:58
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    Yes, "further cooled" emphasizes the cooling, "for a further 48-72 hours" emphasizes the added time, it could also be written as "for an additional 48-72 hours", just depends which you want to be more important.
    – Peter
    Commented May 22, 2017 at 13:37

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