I've been checking the instances since yesterday but could not find a single that fits this description.
Everywhere, it's a letter enclosed in an envelope. And, that's it.
Nevertheless, there's someone who can do this - my daughter!
She makes a very small envelop (that again contains a little handmade card) and puts it into a folded letter. Confused? Here is what she makes -
She gives me a big envelope. I open it and see a two-fold letter. I unfold the letter and find a very small envelope that contains a small card saying, 'Dad, I love you!' Why am I calling it a two-fold letter? Because that too has text in it!
Just remove the big envelope in the beginning and rest all is what you found in the dictionary. Indeed, strange and uncommon.