Yes, source is a verb in that sentence. This sentence might illustrate what's going on:
Data marts source their information from the enterprise's one data warehouse.
In this context, source means "get". More specifically, it means that the data marts use the data warehouse as the source of their information. The author chooses to write "source" rather than "get" in order to convey all the usual connotations of the noun "source" (which is certainly more familiar than the verb "source"). Those connotations include suggesting that the data marts rely exclusively on the data warehouse and that the information from the data warehouse is authoritative.